AnimalvsAnimal
European bison (Bison bonasus) male Białowieza🐃

Photo: Charles J. Sharp · CC BY-SA 4.0

SpeciesArtiodactylaBovidae
Mammals

🐃European bison

Bison bonasus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Den europæiske bison eller visenten (Bison bonasus) er et dyr i bisonslægten af skedehornede. Dyret kan blive 1,88 m i stangmål og 2,1-3,4 meter langt med en hale på 30-60 cm og vejer 300-920 kg. Den er Europas tungeste landdyr. I 1927 blev det sidste vilde eksemplar dræbt i Kaukasus. Der eksisterede nu kun 54 individer i zoologiske haver. Siden 1951 er dyret med succes blevet genudsat i naturen. I 2009 var der 4.200 europæiske bisoner, men da de alle stammer fra blot 12 forfædre, er de sårbare overfor sygdomme som mund- og klovsyge. Den europæiske har været registreret på IUCNs rødliste som en truet art, men i 2019 var bestanden vokset til 6.200 dyr, og i december 2019 meddelte life-bison.com at IUCN havde ændret status til næsten truet (ses dog stadig ikke på iucnredlist.org i januar 2021). Knoglefund viser, at arten fandtes i både Danmark og Sydsverige i den præboreale tid for flere tusinde år siden, men derefter forsvandt den fra Skandinavien. Bison har været forsøgt placeret på Knudshoved Odde i 1970. Naturstyrelsen Bornholm udsatte i juni 2012 visenter i Almindingen på Bornholm, og i 2019 blev der udsat 4 bisoner i Lille Vildmose i Jylland, og flere er kommet til. Desuden er der visenter i Blåvand Zoo, Ree Park og Merritskov ved Bandholm.

Text: Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Videos
2
Photos
5
Measurements
13
vs you
≈ 10× your weight
Also called
Bison bonasus, Wisent
Conservation status
NTNear threatened

IUCN Red List assessment, 2020.

Population trendIncreasing
Key measurements
Body mass
625 kg
Body length
2.9 m
Shoulder height
1.72 m
Top speed
not recorded
Bite force
not recorded
Maximum lifespan
33 years
All measurements ↓
Facts and figures

Everything we know about the European bison

Typical adult figures. Where a value is an estimate rather than a measurement, it says so.

Body mass
625 kg
COMBINE
Other figures ↓

Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0

Figures vary

  • 610 kgAnAgeAnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR)data quality: acceptable
Body length
2.9 m
COMBINE
Details ↓

Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0

Shoulder height
1.72 maverage
Other figures ↓

Species-level value synthesised as the mean of: male.

By sex

  • Male1.72 mKrasinska & Krasinski 2002, Acta Theriologica 47:85-106, Table 8 (authors' own Bialowieza data), https://www.ibs.bialowieza.pl/g2/pdf/1357.pdfMEASURED, Bialowieza free-ranging and captive-centre animals. Withers height, males >=6 years (table row): n 39, mean "172", min-max "158-188" cm; females >=6 years: n 87, mean 152, 134-167 cm. ADW's 1.8-1.95 m 'height' exceeds these measured means -- prefer this primary dataset.
Maximum lifespan
33 years
COMBINE
Other figures ↓

Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0

Figures vary

  • 26 yearsAnAgeAnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR)data quality: acceptable
Generation length
9.84 years
COMBINE
Details ↓

Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0

Age at maturity
2.3 years
COMBINE
Details ↓

Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0

Gestation
274 days
COMBINE
Other figures ↓

Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0

Figures vary

  • 270 daysAnAgeAnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR)data quality: acceptable
Litter size
1
COMBINE
Other figures ↓

Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0

Figures vary

  • 1AnAgeAnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR)data quality: acceptable
Trophic level
Herbivore
COMBINE
Details ↓

Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0

Activity cycle
Crepuscular / mixed
COMBINE
Details ↓

Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0

Home range
7.91 km²
COMBINE
Details ↓

Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0

Population density
0.88 per km²
COMBINE
Details ↓

Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0

Volume l
625 Laverage
Details ↓

Body mass at ~1.0 kg/L, the density of vertebrate tissue.

average = a mean across sexes or species in a group.

Not recorded for European bison yet: top speed, bite force.

Where it sits

Family tree

  1. kingdomAnimalia
  2. ›phylumChordata
  3. ›classMammalia
  4. ›orderArtiodactyla
  5. ›familyBovidae
  6. ›genusBison
  7. ›speciesBison bonasus
Full lineage
  1. classMammals · Mammalia
  2. orderEven-toed hoofed animals · Artiodactyla
  3. familyBovidae
  4. subfamilyBovinae
All 15 branches ↓
  1. kingdomMetazoa
  2. phylumChordata
  3. subphylumCraniata
  4. subphylumVertebrata
  5. superclassGnathostomata
  6. superclassSarcopterygii
  7. superclassTetrapoda
  8. classMammals · Mammalia
  9. subclassTheria
  10. superorderLaurasiatheria
  11. orderEven-toed hoofed animals · Artiodactyla
  12. suborderRuminantia
  13. infraorderPecora
  14. familyBovidae
  15. subfamilyBovinae
More

More about the European bison

Closest relative on this site
🐂 Aurochs — last shared an ancestor ≈ 2.6 million years ago.
What it eats
leaves, roots and other plants100%
In other languages
visent (nb), Wisent (de), Bison bonasus (es), zubr evropský (cs), Bison d'Europe (fr), Bison bonasus (it) … and 26 more languages

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