🦎Japanese giant salamander
日本大鯢（學名：Andrias japonicus），俗名大山椒鱼，是大鯢屬的兩個種之一，主要集中分佈於日本本州島南部，四國和九州亦有發現，主要棲息在海拔300至700公尺的山間溪流中，目前是日本國寶及一級保護動物。 日本大鯢平均身長約40至70公分，大的可達1.5公尺，體形扁長，四肢很短，前肢4指，後肢5趾，趾間有蹼，有一短而側扁的尾巴。特點是背部有黑色斑點，頭部疣突單個出現，成年大鯢雙眼退化至身體兩側肉質皮褶内而不易看出。 之所以又名「大山椒鱼」，是由於其身有山椒味道的關係，但實屬兩棲動物，跟魚類絕無關聯。 日本大鲵以魚類為食，近年來與中國大鲵雜交問題嚴重，由於中國大鲵非日本原生種，和日本大鲵雜交後的個體通常長得特別巨大。
Text: Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.
IUCN Red List assessment, 2022.
- Body mass
- 26 kg
- Body length
- 1.36 m
- Shoulder height
- not recorded
- Top speed
- not recorded
- Bite force
- not recorded
- Maximum lifespan
- 55 years
Everything we know about the Japanese giant salamander
Typical adult figures. Where a value is an estimate rather than a measurement, it says so.
Body mass26 kgAmphiBIODetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: AmphiBIO · v1 (Oliveira et al. 2017) · CC BY 4.0
Body length1.36 mAmphiBIODetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: AmphiBIO · v1 (Oliveira et al. 2017) · CC BY 4.0
Maximum lifespan55 yearsrecord 70 years · AmphiBIOAnAgeDetails ↓Hide ↑
data quality: acceptable
Record: largest individual on record
Source: AnAge · AnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR) · CC BY 3.0
Gestation60 daysAnAgeDetails ↓Hide ↑
data quality: acceptable
Source: AnAge · AnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR) · CC BY 3.0
Litter sizeabout 500AnAgeDetails ↓Hide ↑
data quality: acceptable
Source: AnAge · AnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR) · CC BY 3.0
Dietarthropods, vertebratesAmphiBIODetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: AmphiBIO · v1 (Oliveira et al. 2017) · CC BY 4.0
Volume l26 LaverageDetails ↓Hide ↑
Body mass at ~1.0 kg/L, the density of vertebrate tissue.
average = a mean across sexes or species in a group.
Not recorded for Japanese giant salamander yet: shoulder height, top speed, bite force.
Family tree
- kingdomAnimalia
- ›phylumChordata
- ›classAmphibia
- ›orderCaudata
- ›familyCryptobranchidae
- ›genusAndrias
- ›speciesAndrias japonicus
- classAmphibians · Amphibia
- orderSalamanders & newts · Caudata
- familyCryptobranchidae
- genusAndrias
All 13 branches ↓Fewer branches ↑
- kingdomMetazoa
- phylumChordata
- subphylumCraniata
- subphylumVertebrata
- superclassGnathostomata
- superclassSarcopterygii
- superclassTetrapoda
- classAmphibians · Amphibia
- superorderBatrachia
- orderSalamanders & newts · Caudata
- superfamilyCryptobranchoidea
- familyCryptobranchidae
- genusAndrias
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