🐃Hartebeest
狷羚(學名:Alcelaphus buselaphus)是一種生活在草原地帶的羚羊,出沒在西非、東非、南非等地區。牠也是唯一歸入狷羚属的動物。 狷羚立高約為1.5米,體重約120-200公斤。雄性狷羚為深褐色,雌性則為黃褐色。雄性及雌性狷羚的角的形狀也是先向外曲,再向前,並且向後尖。角的長度可達70厘米。 狷羚生活在草原或一些灌木林地,以短草為食物。牠們是日間活動,在早上及黃昏時段覓食。族群數目約5-20頭,有些甚至達到350頭的數目。族群由一頭雄性狷羚所帶領,領袖的狷羚是經過打鬥而產生的。 在狷羚下,有以下7個亞種: 北非狷羚(Bubal Hartebeest,學名為Alcelaphus buselaphus buselaphus,已絕種。) 披紅狷羚(Red (Cape) Hartebeest,學名為Alcelaphus buselaphus caama。) 柯氏狷羚(Coke Hartebeest,學名為Alcelaphus buselaphus cokii。) Lelwel Hartebeest,學名為Alcelaphus buselaphus lelwel。 Western Hartebeest,學名為Alcelaphus buselaphus major。 Swayne Hartebeest,學名為Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei。 Tora Hartebeest,學名為Alcelaphus buselaphus tora。 另外,亦有發現部份亞種互相交配混種所生的品種: Kenya Highland Hartebeest:是由Lelwel Hartebeest與柯氏狷羚混種而生。 Neumann Hartebeest:於伊索匹亞發現,是Lelwel Hartebeest與Swayne Hartebeest混種所生。 除了以上的亞種外,部份學者把利氏麋羚(Lichtenstein's Hartebeest)分類為狷羚的一個亞種,並以Alcelaphus lichtensteinii命名。 在轉角牛羚屬中,有兩個品種亦被稱為狷羚的: 鄂氏牛羚(Korrigum或稱Senegal Hartebeest,其學名為Damaliscus lunatus korrigum。) Tiang (Tiang Hartebeest),其學名為Damaliscus lunatus tiang。
Text: Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.
IUCN Red List assessment, 2019.
- Body mass
- 160 kg
- Body length
- 2.15 m
- Shoulder height
- not recorded
- Top speed
- not recorded
- Bite force
- not recorded
- Maximum lifespan
- 16 years
Everything we know about the Hartebeest
Typical adult figures. Where a value is an estimate rather than a measurement, it says so.
Body mass160 kgCOMBINEOther figures ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Figures vary
- 159 kgAnAgeAnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR)data quality: acceptable
Body length2.15 mCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Brain mass295 gCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Maximum lifespan16 yearsCOMBINEOther figures ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Figures vary
- 23 yearsAnAgeAnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR)data quality: acceptable
Generation length7.84 yearsCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Age at maturity1.9 yearsCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Gestation241 daysCOMBINEOther figures ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Figures vary
- 247 daysAnAgeAnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR)data quality: acceptable
Litter size1COMBINEOther figures ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Figures vary
- 1AnAgeAnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR)data quality: acceptable
Trophic levelHerbivoreCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Activity cycleCrepuscular / mixedCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Home range3.57 km²COMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Population density0.97 per km²COMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Volume l160 LaverageDetails ↓Hide ↑
Body mass at ~1.0 kg/L, the density of vertebrate tissue.
average = a mean across sexes or species in a group.
Not recorded for Hartebeest yet: shoulder height, top speed, bite force.
Family tree
- kingdomAnimalia
- ›phylumChordata
- ›classMammalia
- ›orderArtiodactyla
- ›familyBovidae
- ›genusAlcelaphus
- ›speciesAlcelaphus buselaphus
- classMammals · Mammalia
- orderEven-toed hoofed animals · Artiodactyla
- subfamilyAlcelaphinae
- genusAlcelaphus
All 16 branches ↓Fewer branches ↑
- kingdomMetazoa
- phylumChordata
- subphylumCraniata
- subphylumVertebrata
- superclassGnathostomata
- superclassSarcopterygii
- superclassTetrapoda
- classMammals · Mammalia
- subclassTheria
- superorderLaurasiatheria
- orderEven-toed hoofed animals · Artiodactyla
- suborderRuminantia
- infraorderPecora
- familyBovidae
- subfamilyAlcelaphinae
- genusAlcelaphus
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