🐦Grey Crowned Crane
灰冕鹤（學名：Balearica regulorum，台湾作灰冠鶴），又稱東非冠鶴、東非冕鶴、戴冕鶴，是鶴科冠鶴屬的一種小型鶴。目前有兩個亞種，依其分佈地點可分東非亞種及南非亞種，分佈於12個東南部非洲國家的範圍內。於1834年被正式描述，與黑冕鶴相似且有相當密切的關係。是烏干達的國鳥。 灰冠鶴主要為雜食性，牠們體色主要為灰色或藍灰色，其特色為頭頂上有明顯的黃色稻草狀羽冠，並在末端帶有黑色斑點。臉頰的裸露區塊則是大部分為白色，僅在最上或下面帶有紅色，且擁有相對黑冕鶴而言較大的紅色喉囊。牠們主要棲息於濕地及草原的混合環境中，並偏好在樹上棲息。因其棲息環境的緣故，發展出了不同的叫聲以溝通。隨著人類在當地的發展，牠們也開始適應有人類干擾的環境，並會在垃圾場或者高壓電塔上活動。繁殖時採一夫一妻制，並且有跳求偶舞蹈的行為，時間則視該地環境決定，並常有強烈的領域性。 受到棲息地的碎片化以及破壞等因素，加上其繁殖成功率本來就不高，牠們的數量正不斷下降，在2016年的估計不到25000隻。當地政府及民間團體正以各種方式維持灰冠鶴的數量，而有一定起色。目前《瀕臨絕種野生動植物國際貿易公約》將其列入附錄二，而國際自然保護聯盟瀕危物種紅色名錄將其列入瀕危物種。
Text: Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.
IUCN Red List assessment, 2024.
- Body mass
- 3.77 kg
- Body length
- not recorded
- Shoulder height
- not recorded
- Top speed
- not recorded
- Bite force
- not recorded
- Maximum lifespan
- 27 years
Everything we know about the Grey Crowned Crane
Typical adult figures. Where a value is an estimate rather than a measurement, it says so.
Body mass3.77 kgAVONETOther figures ↓Hide ↑
Source: AVONET · v1.1 (Tobias et al. 2022) · CC BY 4.0
Figures vary
- 3.37 kgAnAgeAnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR)data quality: acceptable
Tail length0.24 mAVONETDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: AVONET · v1.1 (Tobias et al. 2022) · CC BY 4.0
Wing length0.57 mAVONETDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: AVONET · v1.1 (Tobias et al. 2022) · CC BY 4.0
Beak length0.07 mAVONETDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: AVONET · v1.1 (Tobias et al. 2022) · CC BY 4.0
Tarsus length0.22 mAVONETDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: AVONET · v1.1 (Tobias et al. 2022) · CC BY 4.0
Maximum lifespan27 yearsAnAgeDetails ↓Hide ↑
data quality: acceptable
Source: AnAge · AnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR) · CC BY 3.0
Gestation30 daysAnAgeDetails ↓Hide ↑
data quality: acceptable
Source: AnAge · AnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR) · CC BY 3.0
Trophic levelOmnivoreAVONETDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: AVONET · v1.1 (Tobias et al. 2022) · CC BY 4.0
HabitatWetlandAVONETDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: AVONET · v1.1 (Tobias et al. 2022) · CC BY 4.0
LifestyleTerrestrialAVONETDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: AVONET · v1.1 (Tobias et al. 2022) · CC BY 4.0
Volume l3.8 LaverageDetails ↓Hide ↑
Body mass at ~1.0 kg/L, the density of vertebrate tissue.
average = a mean across sexes or species in a group.
Not recorded for Grey Crowned Crane yet: body length, shoulder height, top speed, bite force.
Family tree
- kingdomAnimalia
- ›phylumChordata
- ›classAves
- ›orderGruiformes
- ›familyGruidae
- ›genusBalearica
- ›speciesBalearica regulorum
- orderSauria
- classBirds · Aves
- familyGruidae
- genusBalearica
All 11 branches ↓Fewer branches ↑
- kingdomMetazoa
- phylumChordata
- subphylumCraniata
- subphylumVertebrata
- superclassGnathostomata
- superclassSarcopterygii
- superclassTetrapoda
- orderSauria
- classBirds · Aves
- familyGruidae
- genusBalearica
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