🐋Ganges river dolphin
恆河豚（學名：Platanista gangetica）又称南亚河豚、盲河豚、側遊江豚等，是一种产自南亚的淡水鯨，恒河豚属（Platanista）的唯一物种，也是恆河豚科的唯一現生種。分为两个亞種：指名亞種（恒布河豚 P. g. gangetica）主要生活在恒河及布拉马普特拉河水系，分布范围涵盖印度、孟加拉国和尼泊尔，據信現存3500頭以上；印度河亞種（印度河豚 P. g. minor）仅分布于巴基斯坦的印度河，估計現存約1200–1800頭。1970年代以来，這兩個亞種被劃為各自独立的物種，後根據分子遺傳學研究，在1998年被重新歸為恆河豚的兩個亞種。 遺傳學分析表明，恒河豚是現代齒鯨中位於演化树基底的早期支系，但已确认的最早恆河豚化石仅有1.2万年历史。白鱀豚、亚河豚等其他淡水豚曾被視為恆河豚的近親，而遺傳學研究顯示牠們之間的演化關係十分疏遠，各自隶属不同的科，这意味着恆河豚是一個相當孤立的珍貴孑遺物種。 2021年2月5日，中國政府發布新的《国家重点保护野生动物名录》，將恆河豚列為國家一級保護動物，然而，布拉馬普特拉河上游（中國境內稱雅鲁藏布江）的恆河豚分布區位於藏南地带，該地實際為印度所控制。
Text: Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.
IUCN Red List assessment, 2022.
- Body mass
- 85 kg
- Body length
- 3 m
- Shoulder height
- not recorded
- Top speed
- not recorded
- Bite force
- not recorded
- Maximum lifespan
- 28 years
Everything we know about the Ganges river dolphin
Typical adult figures. Where a value is an estimate rather than a measurement, it says so.
Body mass85 kgrecord 108 kg · SeaLifeBaseCOMBINEOther figures ↓Hide ↑
Record: largest individual on record
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Figures vary
- 70 kgAnAgeAnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR)data quality: low
Body length3 mCOMBINEOther figures ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
By sex
- Female2.6 mSeaLifeBasev25.04
Figures vary
- 2.2 mSeaLifeBasev25.04
Brain mass230 gCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Maximum lifespan28 yearsCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Generation length19 yearsCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Age at maturity10.0 yearsCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Gestation314 daysCOMBINEOther figures ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Figures vary
- 345 daysAnAgeAnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR)data quality: low
Litter size1COMBINEOther figures ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Figures vary
- 1AnAgeAnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR)data quality: low
Trophic levelCarnivoreCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Activity cycleDiurnalestimatedCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Volume l85 LaverageDetails ↓Hide ↑
Body mass at ~1.0 kg/L, the density of vertebrate tissue.
estimated = a model's estimate for a species nobody has measured; average = a mean across sexes or species in a group.
Not recorded for Ganges river dolphin yet: shoulder height, top speed, bite force.
Family tree
- kingdomAnimalia
- ›phylumChordata
- ›classMammalia
- ›orderCetacea
- ›familyPlatanistidae
- ›genusPlatanista
- ›speciesPlatanista gangetica
- classMammals · Mammalia
- orderEven-toed hoofed animals · Artiodactyla
- infraorderWhales & dolphins · Cetacea
- genusPlatanista
All 15 branches ↓Fewer branches ↑
- kingdomMetazoa
- phylumChordata
- subphylumCraniata
- subphylumVertebrata
- superclassGnathostomata
- superclassSarcopterygii
- superclassTetrapoda
- classMammals · Mammalia
- subclassTheria
- superorderLaurasiatheria
- orderEven-toed hoofed animals · Artiodactyla
- suborderWhippomorpha
- infraorderWhales & dolphins · Cetacea
- familyPlatanistidae
- genusPlatanista
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