🦈Dusky shark
灰色真鲨(学名:Carcharhinus obscurus)为軟骨魚綱真鯊目真鲨科真鲨属的鱼类,被IUCN列為瀕危保育類動物。法國博物學家查爾斯·亞歷山大·勒蘇爾(Charles Alexandre Lesueur)在1818年出版的《費城自然科學院學報》上首次發表了對本種的科學描述,他將其歸入角鯊屬,隨後的學者將該物種歸類於真鯊屬。分布于美洲东西岸沿海、非洲西岸及东南岸沿海、亚洲东南方沿海及澳洲东西岸沿海、主要在南北纬40度之间以及台东外海等地400米以上的海域。该物种的模式产地在北美洲。本魚體呈紡錘形且粗壯,頭部及吻部扁平,眼睛圓形具有瞬膜,鼻孔之前有幾乎不發育的皮瓣,嘴角處有非常短的皺紋,雙顎兩側各有13-15排牙齒。上顎牙明顯寬闊,呈三角形,略傾斜,有粗大的鋸齒,而下顎牙較窄,直立,有較細的鋸齒。五對鰓縫相當長,胸鰭大,長度約為身體的五分之一,呈鐮刀狀,逐漸變細,背鰭2個,第一背鰭大小適中,略呈鐮刀形,頂端尖,後緣強烈凹入,起源位於胸鰭尖端上方;第二背鰭較小,位於臀鰭對面。背鰭之間有一個低背脊,尾鰭又大又高,下葉發達,上葉尖端附近有腹側切跡。身體上部為青銅色至藍灰色,下部為白色,延伸至側面,呈現淡淡的淺色條紋,魚鰭,特別是胸鰭的下側和尾鰭下葉向尖端變暗,它是該屬最大的一個種,體長可達4.2米(14英尺),重可達347公斤(765磅)。幼魚主要棲息在沿海,成魚則棲息在外海,它們在夏季游往兩極,冬季游往赤道,屬肉食性,以硬骨魚、小型鯊魚、頭足類和甲殼類為食,胎生,在西北大西洋的交配期在春季,而南非等其他地區似乎沒有繁殖季節性。雌魚的妊娠期估計長達22-24個月,最多每三年生產1次,每次可產下3至16尾幼魚,根據地區的不同,生產期可能全年或持續數月。為經濟價值高的食用魚,魚鰭可做魚翅,魚皮可加工成皮革,肝臟可加工製成維他命及魚肝油。
Text: Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.
IUCN Red List assessment, 2019.
- Body mass
- 191 kg
- Body length
- 2.5 m
- Shoulder height
- not recorded
- Top speed
- not recorded
- Bite force
- not recorded
- Maximum lifespan
- 35 years
Everything we know about the Dusky shark
Typical adult figures. Where a value is an estimate rather than a measurement, it says so.
Body mass191 kgrecord 347 kg · FishBaseAnAgeDetails ↓Hide ↑
data quality: acceptable
Record: largest individual on record
Source: AnAge · AnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR) · CC BY 3.0
Body length2.5 mrecord 4.2 m · FishBasetypical adultFishBaseDetails ↓Hide ↑
Record: largest individual on record
Source: FishBase · v25.04 · CC BY-NC 4.0
Maximum lifespan35 yearsrecord 40 years · FishBaseAnAgeDetails ↓Hide ↑
data quality: acceptable
Record: largest individual on record
Source: AnAge · AnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR) · CC BY 3.0
Litter sizeabout 10AnAgeDetails ↓Hide ↑
data quality: acceptable
Source: AnAge · AnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR) · CC BY 3.0
Trophic level4.28FishBaseDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: FishBase · v25.04, estimate table · CC BY-NC 4.0
DietcarnivoreaverageDetails ↓Hide ↑
From trophic level 4.28 (FishBase): <2.2 herbivore, 2.2–2.8 omnivore, >2.8 carnivore.
Danger to humanstraumatogenicFishBaseDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: FishBase · v25.04 · CC BY-NC 4.0
Volume l191 LaverageDetails ↓Hide ↑
Body mass at ~1.0 kg/L, the density of vertebrate tissue.
average = a mean across sexes or species in a group.
Not recorded for Dusky shark yet: shoulder height, top speed, bite force.
Family tree
- kingdomAnimalia
- ›phylumChordata
- ›classElasmobranchii
- ›orderCarcharhiniformes
- ›familyCarcharhinidae
- ›genusCarcharhinus
- ›speciesCarcharhinus obscurus
- subphylumVertebrata
- superclassGnathostomata
- classSharks & rays · Chondrichthyes
- subclassElasmobranchii
All 7 branches ↓Fewer branches ↑
- kingdomMetazoa
- phylumChordata
- subphylumCraniata
- subphylumVertebrata
- superclassGnathostomata
- classSharks & rays · Chondrichthyes
- subclassElasmobranchii
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