Chum salmon Allison Springs Creek🐟

Photo: Roger Tabor/USFWS · Public domain

SpeciesSalmoniformesSalmonidae
Fish

🐟Chum salmon

Oncorhynchus keta (Walbaum, 1792)

大麻哈鱼(學名:Oncorhynchus keta,英語:chum salmon)又称大马哈魚、钩吻鲑、狗鮭、秋鮭、白鮭、日本鲑鱼,為鲑科麻哈魚屬的一种肉食性鱼类,广泛分布于北太平洋沿岸的中高纬度地区,在产卵期有和其它鲑科鱼类一样的溯河洄游习性。 大麻哈鱼名称源自赫哲語 dawa ịmaχa,滿語 dafaχa/ḱata,鄂温克语 kē̂ta;其種小名 keta 来自俄语的 кета ,而俄语称呼又源于满-通古斯语系北支的鄂温克语、埃文语和涅吉达尔语。汉语称呼“大麻哈鱼”来自于赫哲语的 dawa imaha,民国时期学者凌纯声的《松花江下游的赫哲族》在“鲑鱼”的条目下记为 dau imaha——赫哲语里面 imaha 是“鱼”的意思,故义为“dawa鱼”,“daw鱼”或“dau鱼”。汉语把 dawa/daw/dau 音译为“大”,把 imaha 音译为“麻哈”、“马哈”。另外,有些地方俗名称之为“大发哈鱼”,“达发哈鱼”,则是来自于满语 dafaha。 美国英语中通常将大麻哈鱼称为“chum salmon”,源自支努干混杂语 tzum,意思是“斑点”或“斑纹”;而在市面上销售时则常用“silverbrite salmon”的称呼,意为“银光鲑”。在日语中历史上传统的称呼为石桂魚(さけ,sa ke,与汉语中的石桂鱼并不相同),在明治时期则改用鮭(サケ)但是使用同音的汉文训读。

Text: Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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Photos
1
Measurements
7
vs you
≈ 1/7th of your weight
Also called
Calico salmon
Conservation status
LCLeast concern

IUCN Red List assessment, 2024.

Population trendUnknown
Key measurements
Body mass
8.74 kg
Body length
0.58 m
Shoulder height
not recorded
Top speed
not recorded
Bite force
not recorded
Maximum lifespan
7 years
All measurements ↓
Facts and figures

Everything we know about the Chum salmon

Typical adult figures. Where a value is an estimate rather than a measurement, it says so.

Body mass
8.74 kgrecord 18 kg · FishBase
AnAge
Details ↓

data quality: acceptable

Record: largest individual on record

Source: AnAge · AnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR) · CC BY 3.0

Body length
0.58 mrecord 1 m · FishBasetypical adult
FishBase
Details ↓

Record: largest individual on record

Source: FishBase · v25.04 · CC BY-NC 4.0

Maximum lifespan
7 yearsrecord 7 years · FishBase
AnAge
Details ↓

data quality: acceptable

Record: largest individual on record

Source: AnAge · AnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR) · CC BY 3.0

Trophic level
3.74
FishBase
Details ↓

Source: FishBase · v25.04, estimate table · CC BY-NC 4.0

Diet
carnivoreaverage
Details ↓

From trophic level 3.74 (FishBase): <2.2 herbivore, 2.2–2.8 omnivore, >2.8 carnivore.

Danger to humans
harmless
FishBase
Details ↓

Source: FishBase · v25.04 · CC BY-NC 4.0

Volume l
8.7 Laverage
Details ↓

Body mass at ~1.0 kg/L, the density of vertebrate tissue.

average = a mean across sexes or species in a group.

Not recorded for Chum salmon yet: shoulder height, top speed, bite force.

More

More about the Chum salmon

In other languages
koiralohi (fi), ketalaks (nb), Keta (pl), Oncorhynchus keta (fr), 연어 (ko), Oncorhynchus keta (es) … and 22 more languages
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