🐍Black mamba
黑曼巴蛇（學名：Dendroaspis polylepis）是一種漠南非洲的大型毒蛇。其种加词“polylepis”意为“多鳞的”。 體色為灰或褐，幼體偏淺，色澤隨年齡增長而逐漸變深。成年個體體長介乎2米（6.6英尺）至4.5米（14.8英尺）不等，平均約為3米（9.8英尺），是當地體型最長的毒蛇。 儘管多數曼巴蛇為樹棲性，黑曼巴卻常於地面活動。其生境包括疏林草原、疏林、岩石山坡，以及叢林地區。黑曼巴蛇為日行性捕獵者，喜歡偷襲小型哺乳類動物及鳥類，尤其是蹄兔及嬰猴；亦會追捕獵物，與其他一些大型蛇類一樣具備良好的視力。牠是世界上移動速度最快的蛇類，若在合適的平面上滑行，短程時速可達11公里。 若受威脅，黑曼巴蛇會張開烏黑的口腔，張開長而窄的頸部，並發出嘶嘶聲響。由於體型龐大，可咬中遠距離的目標，並時而發動連續攻擊。黑曼巴蛇的毒液含有劇烈的神經毒素，能於被咬者體內迅速蔓延，最終導致呼吸衰竭、心跳停止以及死亡。雖然黑曼巴蛇因劇毒及生性兇惡而令人聞風喪膽，但通常選擇避免與人類發生衝突。
Text: Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.
IUCN Red List assessment, 2021.
- Body mass
- 31 kg
- Body length
- 4.25 m
- Shoulder height
- not recorded
- Top speed
- not recorded
- Bite force
- not recorded
- Maximum lifespan
- 26 years
Everything we know about the Black mamba
Typical adult figures. Where a value is an estimate rather than a measurement, it says so.
Body mass31 kgrecord 8.21 kg · ReptTraitsAnAgeDetails ↓Hide ↑
data quality: acceptable
Record: largest individual on record
Source: AnAge · AnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR) · CC BY 3.0
Body length4.25 mmaximum recordedReptTraitsDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: ReptTraits · v1.2 (Oskyrko et al. 2024) · CC BY 4.0
Maximum lifespan26 yearsrecord 26 years · ReptTraitsAnAgeDetails ↓Hide ↑
data quality: acceptable
Record: largest individual on record
Source: AnAge · AnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR) · CC BY 3.0
Gestation85 daysAnAgeDetails ↓Hide ↑
data quality: acceptable
Source: AnAge · AnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR) · CC BY 3.0
DietCarnivorousReptTraitsDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: ReptTraits · v1.2 (Oskyrko et al. 2024) · CC BY 4.0
Activity cycleDiurnalReptTraitsDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: ReptTraits · v1.2 (Oskyrko et al. 2024) · CC BY 4.0
VenomousYesReptTraitsDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: ReptTraits · v1.2 (Oskyrko et al. 2024) · CC BY 4.0
Snout–vent length1.41 mmaximum recordedReptTraitsDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: ReptTraits · v1.2 (Oskyrko et al. 2024) · CC BY 4.0
Volume l31 LaverageDetails ↓Hide ↑
Body mass at ~1.0 kg/L, the density of vertebrate tissue.
average = a mean across sexes or species in a group.
Not recorded for Black mamba yet: shoulder height, top speed, bite force.
Family tree
- kingdomAnimalia
- ›phylumChordata
- ›classSquamata
- ›familyElapidae
- ›genusDendroaspis
- ›speciesDendroaspis polylepis
- superorderLepidosauria
- orderLizards & snakes · Squamata
- infraorderSnakes · Serpentes
- genusDendroaspis
All 12 branches ↓Fewer branches ↑
- kingdomMetazoa
- phylumChordata
- subphylumCraniata
- subphylumVertebrata
- superclassGnathostomata
- superclassSarcopterygii
- superclassTetrapoda
- orderSauria
- superorderLepidosauria
- orderLizards & snakes · Squamata
- infraorderSnakes · Serpentes
- genusDendroaspis
More about the Black mamba
镜头下的动物
站内动物的实拍影像——捕猎、打斗，还有各自过日子的样子。
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