🐟

Photo: Hemming1952 · CC BY-SA 4.0

SpeciesSqualiformesSomniosidae

Sharks & rays

🐟Greenland shark

Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)

Holkeri eli jäähai tai grönlanninhai (Somniosus microcephalus) on suurikokoinen hailaji, joka elää Atlantin valtameren pohjoisosissa. Holkerin läheinen sukulaislaji Somniosus pacificus puolestaan elää arktisen Tyynenmeren alueella. Mikään muu selkärankainen laji ei elä yhtä vanhaksi kuin holkeri. Se voi elää jopa 400–500-vuotiaaksi. Holkeri voi kasvaa pituudeltaan 6–7-metriseksi ja tonnin painoiseksi, eli se on kooltaan valkohain luokkaa. Holkeria pyydystetään maksan vuoksi, josta keitetään rasvaa. Sen liha on käsittelemättömänä myrkyllistä.

Text: Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Videos

Photos

Measurements

vs you

≈ 18× your weight

Conservation status

VUVulnerable

IUCN Red List assessment, 2020.

Population trendDecreasing

Key measurements

Body mass: 1,100 kg
Body length: 4.27 m
Shoulder height: not recorded
Top speed: not recorded
Bite force: not recorded
Maximum lifespan: 392 years

All measurements ↓

Facts and figures

Everything we know about the Greenland shark

Typical adult figures. Where a value is an estimate rather than a measurement, it says so.

Body mass

1,100 kgaverage

Other figures ↓

Species-level value synthesised as the mean of: female.

By sex

Female1,100 kgFishBasev25.04

Body length

4.27 mmaximum recorded

FishBase

Other figures ↓

Source: FishBase · v25.04 · CC BY-NC 4.0

By sex

Female5.5 mFishBasev25.04

Maximum lifespan

392 yearsrecord 392 years · FishBase

AnAge

Details ↓

data quality: acceptable

Record: largest individual on record

Source: AnAge · AnAge build 15, 2023-07-03 (HAGR) · CC BY 3.0

Trophic level

4.22

FishBase

Details ↓

Source: FishBase · v25.04, estimate table · CC BY-NC 4.0

Diet

carnivoreaverage

Details ↓

From trophic level 4.22 (FishBase): <2.2 herbivore, 2.2–2.8 omnivore, >2.8 carnivore.

Danger to humans

poisonous to eat

FishBase

Details ↓

Source: FishBase · v25.04 · CC BY-NC 4.0

Volume l

1,100 Laverage

Details ↓

Body mass at ~1.0 kg/L, the density of vertebrate tissue.

average = a mean across sexes or species in a group.

Not recorded for Greenland shark yet: shoulder height, top speed, bite force.

Where it sits

Family tree

Full lineage

All 8 branches ↓

More about the Greenland shark

In other languages

håkjerring (nb), Groenlandse haai (nl), håkäring (sv), Somniosus microcephalus (it), гренландска акула (bg), tauró de Grenlàndia (ca) … and 26 more languages

More photos