🐂Aurochs
Der Auerochse oder Ur (Bos primigenius) ist eine in ihrer Wildform ausgerottete Art der Rinder. Nach neueren Genforschungen gelten nahöstliche Populationen als Stammform des taurinen Hausrindes, das damit eine domestizierte Form des Eurasischen Auerochsen darstellt. Das indische Zebu stammt von der indischen Subspezies des Urs ab, welche von manchen Autoren auch in einer eigenen Art, Bos namadicus, geführt wird. Das vermutlich letzte Exemplar der ehemals weit verbreiteten Wildform des Rindes starb im Jahr 1627 in Polen. Verwandte dieses Wildrinds sind der Gaur, der Banteng und der wahrscheinlich ausgerottete Kouprey.
Text: Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.
IUCN Red List assessment, 2023.
- Body mass
- 619 kg
- Body length
- 3.1 m
- Shoulder height
- 1.6 m
- Top speed
- not recorded
- Bite force
- not recorded
- Maximum lifespan
- 20 years
This animal is extinct
Assessed Extinct on the IUCN Red List, 2023. Everything on this page — the measurements, the photos, the videos — is a record of an animal that is gone.
Everything we know about the Aurochs
Typical adult figures. Where a value is an estimate rather than a measurement, it says so.
Body mass619 kgCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Body length3.1 mCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Shoulder height1.6 maverageOther figures ↓Hide ↑
Species-level value synthesised as the mean of: both.
By sex
- Both1.6 mvan Vuure 2002, 'History, morphology and ecology of the aurochs (Bos primigenius)', Lutra 45(1):1-16, https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?doi=7cd5da765261db6b99ce44361fa8078ec7951c42&repid=rep1&type=pdf"...a plausible shoulder height of 160-180 cm in the aurochs bull and ca. 150 cm in the cow result." Paper's summary table gives withers height 170 cm on average (bulls) and 150 cm (cows). Value = midpoint of sex averages; low = cow average, high = bull maximum. Subfossil reconstruction (Matolcsi conversion factors; mounted-skeleton checks after Degerbol & Fredskild 1970), as the brief allows.
Brain mass453 gCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Maximum lifespan20 yearsCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Generation length8.2 yearsestimatedCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Age at maturity2.1 yearsCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Gestation277 daysCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Litter size1COMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Trophic levelHerbivoreCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Activity cycleDiurnalCOMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Home range10 km²COMBINEDetails ↓Hide ↑
Source: COMBINE · v1 (Soria et al. 2021) · CC BY 4.0
Volume l619 LaverageDetails ↓Hide ↑
Body mass at ~1.0 kg/L, the density of vertebrate tissue.
estimated = a model's estimate for a species nobody has measured; average = a mean across sexes or species in a group.
Not recorded for Aurochs yet: top speed, bite force.
Family tree
- kingdomAnimalia
- ›phylumChordata
- ›classMammalia
- ›orderArtiodactyla
- ›familyBovidae
- ›genusBos
- ›speciesBos taurus
- classMammals · Mammalia
- orderEven-toed hoofed animals · Artiodactyla
- familyBovidae
- subfamilyBovinae
All 15 branches ↓Fewer branches ↑
- kingdomMetazoa
- phylumChordata
- subphylumCraniata
- subphylumVertebrata
- superclassGnathostomata
- superclassSarcopterygii
- superclassTetrapoda
- classMammals · Mammalia
- subclassTheria
- superorderLaurasiatheria
- orderEven-toed hoofed animals · Artiodactyla
- suborderRuminantia
- infraorderPecora
- familyBovidae
- subfamilyBovinae
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